Haupt & Co

Your First Home:
What Nobody Tells You

A practical, honest guide to buying your first property in England & Wales. No jargon. No pressure. Just the information you need to make a confident decision.

Buying your first home is one of the biggest financial commitments you will ever make. It can also be one of the most confusing. This guide walks you through everything from affordability and mortgages to legal costs, government schemes, and the risks nobody mentions in the brochure.

The Reality

Buying Your First Home in 2026

The UK housing market in 2026 is stabilising after several turbulent years. Interest rates have fallen from their 2023 peak, affordability is gradually improving, and transaction volumes are recovering. But challenges remain. House prices are still historically high relative to earnings, deposit requirements are significant, and the stamp duty landscape changed in April 2025.

Here is where things stand.

£270k
Average UK house price (Dec 2025)
ONS / UK HPI, Feb 2026
341,000
First-time buyers completed purchases in 2024, up 19% on 2023
UK Finance / Finder, 2025
£1,367
Average UK monthly private rent (Jan 2026)
ONS PIPR, Feb 2026
3.75%
Bank of England base rate (after four cuts in 2025)
Bank of England
33.8
Average age of a first-time buyer in England (years)
GOV.UK / UK HPI data
£300k
SDLT nil-rate threshold for first-time buyers (from April 2025)
HMRC / GOV.UK

The shift from renting to owning is not just financial. It is emotional and structural. Renters have flexibility. Owners have stability but also responsibility. Neither is inherently better. The question is which is right for you, at this point in your life, with your specific finances.

Mortgage Fundamentals

What a Mortgage Actually Is

A mortgage is a loan secured against property. If you stop paying, the lender can repossess the property to recover its money. That is the trade-off: you get to buy a home you could not afford outright, and the lender takes security against the asset.

How Lenders Assess You

Lenders look at two things: can you afford the repayments now, and could you still afford them if interest rates rose? This is called stress testing. They typically lend 4 to 4.5 times your annual income, though this varies. Some lenders go higher in certain circumstances; some are more conservative.

They will also look at your credit history, existing debts, spending habits (yes, they check bank statements), dependants, and employment status. Self-employed applicants usually need at least two years of accounts or tax returns.

Deposits and Loan-to-Value

Your deposit determines your loan-to-value (LTV) ratio. A 10% deposit means a 90% LTV mortgage. A 25% deposit means 75% LTV. Lower LTV typically means access to better rates, because the lender is taking less risk. Most first-time buyer mortgages are available from 5% or 10% deposit, but the rates improve noticeably at 15%, 20%, and 25% thresholds.

Fixed vs Variable Rates

TypeHow It WorksKey Consideration
Fixed rateInterest rate locked for a set period (typically 2 or 5 years). Repayments stay the same.Certainty. But you pay an early repayment charge if you leave before the fixed period ends.
TrackerRate follows the Bank of England base rate plus a set margin.Falls when base rate falls. Rises when it rises. Less certainty.
Standard Variable Rate (SVR)The lender's default rate. You move to this when your deal ends.Almost always higher than fixed or tracker deals. Avoid sitting on SVR longer than necessary.
The base rate matters, but it is not your rate. The Bank of England base rate influences what lenders charge, but your actual mortgage rate depends on the product, your LTV, credit profile, and the lender. As of early 2026, average fixed rates sit in the mid-to-high 4% range, but "best buy" deals may be lower.
Do you know how much you can actually borrow, or are you guessing based on Rightmove listings?
Many first-time buyers start looking at properties before understanding their borrowing limit. An Agreement in Principle takes 20 minutes and tells you exactly where you stand. It costs nothing and does not commit you to anything.
Ed can get you an Agreement in Principle before you start viewing.
The True Cost

What Buying Actually Costs

The purchase price is not the total cost. Here is what many first-time buyers underestimate.

CostTypical RangeNotes
Deposit5% to 25% of purchase priceHigher deposits unlock better rates. Average FTB deposit in 2024 was approx. GBP 61,000 (20%).
Stamp Duty (SDLT)GBP 0 to GBP 10,000+First-time buyers: 0% up to GBP 300,000. 5% on the portion GBP 300,001 to GBP 500,000. No relief above GBP 500,000.
Legal / ConveyancingGBP 1,000 to GBP 2,000+Includes searches, Land Registry fees, and anti-money laundering checks.
SurveyGBP 300 to GBP 1,500+A basic valuation is for the lender. A homebuyer report or full building survey is for you. Do not skip this.
Mortgage arrangement feeGBP 0 to GBP 2,000Some products charge a fee; some do not. A lower rate with a fee is not always cheaper than a higher rate without one.
Mortgage broker feeGBP 0 to GBP 500+Some brokers charge a fee; some are paid by the lender. Ask upfront.
Moving costsGBP 500 to GBP 2,000Removals, cleaning, mail redirection, new furniture.
Ongoing ownership costsVariableCouncil tax, buildings insurance (mandatory with a mortgage), maintenance, service charges (if leasehold).
Quick example: On a GBP 300,000 first-time buyer purchase with a 10% deposit, expect upfront costs of roughly GBP 30,000 (deposit) plus GBP 2,000 to GBP 4,000 in fees and costs. On top of the deposit, you need a cash buffer. Going in with zero savings after the deposit is a risk.
Government Support

Schemes and Support for First-Time Buyers

SchemeStatus (2026)How It Works
Lifetime ISAActiveSave up to GBP 4,000/year. Government adds 25% bonus (up to GBP 1,000/year). Must be used to buy a first home (up to GBP 450,000) or held until age 60. Penalty for early withdrawal for other purposes.
Shared OwnershipActiveBuy a share of a property (25% to 75%) and pay rent on the rest. You can "staircase" to full ownership over time. Available through housing associations.
First HomesLimitedDiscounted new-build properties for first-time buyers and key workers. Availability varies by local authority. Check your area.
Help to Buy Equity LoanClosedClosed to new applications in March 2023. No longer available.
Help to Buy ISAClosedClosed to new accounts in November 2019. Existing accounts can claim bonus until November 2029.

Government schemes can help, but they come with conditions. The Lifetime ISA bonus is generous but the penalty for non-qualifying withdrawals is harsh (25% of the withdrawal amount). Shared Ownership involves paying both a mortgage and rent, plus the terms of staircasing can be complex. Always check the current rules before relying on a scheme.

Step by Step

The Mortgage Application Process

1
Agreement in Principle (AIP)
A lender confirms what they would likely lend you, based on initial checks. Not a guarantee, but essential before making offers. Usually valid for 60 to 90 days.
2
Find Your Property and Make an Offer
With your AIP, you know your budget. Once an offer is accepted, the formal process begins. Nothing is legally binding until exchange of contracts.
3
Full Mortgage Application
Your broker submits a full application with payslips, bank statements, ID, and proof of deposit. The lender arranges a valuation of the property.
4
Valuation and Underwriting
The lender values the property (for their benefit, not yours). An underwriter reviews the full application. They may ask for additional documents. This is normal.
5
Mortgage Offer
If approved, you receive a formal mortgage offer. Your solicitor reviews it alongside the property searches and legal pack.
6
Exchange of Contracts
Both parties sign contracts and you pay the deposit (usually 10%). From this point, the sale is legally binding. Pulling out means losing your deposit.
7
Completion
The mortgage funds are released, the balance is paid, and the keys are yours. SDLT must be paid within 14 days. Your solicitor handles this.

From offer accepted to completion typically takes 8 to 16 weeks. Delays are common. Chain breaks, slow searches, and lender queries can all extend the timeline. Patience and a good solicitor are essential.

Have you factored in what happens when your fixed rate ends, or just what the payments look like today?
A two-year fixed rate gives you certainty for 24 months. Then you move to the lender's SVR (usually much higher) unless you remortgage. The first fixed period is the beginning of the story, not the whole story. Plan for what comes next.
Ed helps first-time buyers plan beyond just the first deal.
Risk Matrix

Risks and Trade-Offs

Buying a home has risks. Understanding them is not a reason to avoid buying. It is a reason to buy with your eyes open.

RiskLikelihoodImpactWhat You Can Do
Interest rates rise at remortgageMedHighChoose a longer fix (5 years) for certainty. Stress-test your budget at higher rates before committing.
Income drops (redundancy, illness)MedHighMaintain an emergency fund. Consider income protection insurance. Do not max out your borrowing.
Property value fallsMedMedIf you are buying to live in, short-term price falls matter less. Avoid over-paying in a heated market.
Unexpected repair costsHighMedGet a proper survey before buying. Budget a maintenance reserve from day one.
Negative equityLowHighHigher deposits reduce this risk. Negative equity only matters if you need to sell or remortgage.
Leasehold complicationsMedMedCheck remaining lease length, ground rent, service charges, and any restrictive covenants before buying.
Case Study (Fictional)

Priya and James: A First Purchase in 2026

Priya (28) and James (30) are a couple living in the West Midlands. Combined household income: GBP 58,000. They have been renting at GBP 950/month and have saved GBP 32,000 towards a deposit, including GBP 8,000 in Lifetime ISA bonuses.

The Numbers

Borrowing capacity (4.5x income)~GBP 261,000
Target purchase priceGBP 280,000
Deposit (GBP 32,000 = ~11.4%)GBP 32,000
Mortgage required (~88.6% LTV)~GBP 248,000
SDLT (first-time buyer relief)GBP 0
Legal, survey, fees~GBP 3,000
Estimated monthly repayment (25yr, illustrative)~GBP 1,350 to 1,450

What Worked

They spoke to a broker before viewing any properties. They got an AIP, understood their budget, and chose a 5-year fixed rate for payment certainty. They got a homebuyer survey which flagged minor damp. They negotiated GBP 5,000 off the price. They kept GBP 5,000 in savings after completion as a buffer.

What They Had to Accept

At 88.6% LTV, their rate was higher than it would have been at 85% or 90%. They could not afford their preferred area and chose a neighbouring postcode instead. Monthly payments were GBP 400+ more than their rent. They accepted that the first two years would feel tight but manageable.

This case study is entirely fictional. Mortgage figures are illustrative and do not represent any specific lender, product, or rate. Actual costs and borrowing will vary.

The Balance Sheet

Owning vs Renting: The Honest Comparison

Advantages of Buying

  • Build equity over time as you pay down the mortgage
  • Potential for long-term capital appreciation
  • Security and stability: no landlord can end your tenancy
  • Freedom to renovate, extend, and make it your own
  • Monthly payments contribute to an asset you own
  • Mortgage payments can be cheaper than equivalent rent in some areas

Disadvantages of Buying

  • Large upfront costs (deposit, SDLT, legal, survey)
  • You are responsible for all maintenance and repairs
  • Less flexibility: selling takes time and costs money
  • Interest rate risk when fixed deals end
  • Property values can fall, especially in the short term
  • Leasehold properties come with ongoing charges and complexity
  • Risk of repossession if you cannot maintain payments
Are you buying because it is the right financial decision for you, or because everyone keeps telling you that renting is "throwing money away"?
Renting is not throwing money away. It is paying for somewhere to live, with flexibility and no maintenance liability. Buying is right for some people at some times. It is not right for everyone at every time. The best decision is an informed one.
How We Help

Haupt & Co: Your First Home, Done Properly

We work with first-time buyers every day. We know the questions you have, the things that confuse you, and the mistakes people make when nobody explains the process clearly.

We do not rush you. We do not push products. We start with your numbers, your goals, and your circumstances. Then we find the mortgage that fits. We explain every step, every cost, and every decision point so that you go into your first purchase with confidence, not anxiety.

We search across the whole market. That means we are not limited to one lender or one product range. If your situation is straightforward, great. If it is more complex (self-employment, gifted deposits, credit history issues), we know where to look and who will say yes.

Ed - Senior Mortgage Broker at Haupt & Co

Ed

Senior Mortgage Broker & Founder

Ed founded Haupt & Co in 2025 after running a previous mortgage company for over 6 years. Ed advises on everything from first-time buyer and straightforward remortgage cases through to complex scenarios, including self-employed income, portfolio lending, and situations where standard high-street criteria do not fit. If you want clear, practical advice, even if you have been told "no" elsewhere, talk to Ed.

Common Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

How much deposit do I need?
Most lenders offer mortgages from 5% or 10% deposit. However, rates improve significantly with larger deposits, especially at 15%, 20%, and 25% LTV thresholds. The right deposit depends on your savings, your budget, and what rate you want to achieve. A broker can model the trade-offs for you.
Can I buy with a friend or partner who is not married to me?
Yes. Joint mortgages are available for unmarried couples, friends, and family members. You will need to decide how ownership is split (joint tenants or tenants in common) and consider a deed of trust to protect each party's contribution. Your solicitor can advise.
What if I am self-employed?
Self-employed applicants can get mortgages, but you typically need at least two years of accounts or SA302 tax returns. Lenders look at net profit (sole traders) or salary plus dividends (directors). Some lenders are more flexible than others. This is exactly where a broker adds value.
Should I get a 2-year or 5-year fixed rate?
There is no single right answer. A 2-year fix gives you flexibility sooner but less certainty. A 5-year fix locks in your rate for longer, which can help with budgeting and also tends to receive more favourable stress testing from lenders (potentially increasing how much you can borrow). Consider your plans and risk tolerance.
Do I need a solicitor and a broker?
A solicitor (or licensed conveyancer) is essential. They handle the legal transfer of property, searches, contracts, and Land Registry registration. A broker is strongly recommended but not legally required. A good broker searches across the market, manages the application, and often spots issues before they become problems.
What happens if the valuation comes in low?
If the lender values the property below the agreed price, they will lend based on the lower figure. This means you either need to increase your deposit, renegotiate the price with the seller, or walk away. It is frustrating but it happens. A down-valuation is the lender telling you the property may not be worth what you are paying.
Can my parents help with the deposit?
Yes. Gifted deposits are accepted by most lenders, but the person gifting must confirm in writing that it is a gift (not a loan) and that they have no interest in the property. Lenders also carry out anti-money laundering checks on the source of gifted funds.
How long does the whole process take?
From offer accepted to completion, typically 8 to 16 weeks. It can be faster if there is no chain. It can be much slower if searches are delayed, the chain is long, or there are legal complications. Build in more time than you think you need.
Save This

Pre-Purchase Checklist

Before You Start Viewing

Check your credit report and fix any errors
Calculate your total savings including any Lifetime ISA bonus
Get an Agreement in Principle through a broker
Understand your maximum budget (including all fees, not just the deposit)
Stress-test your affordability: could you pay GBP 200-300 more per month?
Decide on fixed period length (2-year vs 5-year)
Research SDLT liability for your purchase price
Line up a solicitor or conveyancer
Budget for a survey (not just the lender's valuation)
Keep a cash reserve after the deposit for emergencies

Ready to take the first step?

No commitment. No pressure. Just a conversation with Ed about what buying your first home could look like for you.

Book a Free Consultation with Ed
Sources

Where This Information Comes From

SourceReferenceDate
ONSPrivate rent and house prices, UK (Feb 2026 bulletin)Feb 2026
GOV.UK / HM Land RegistryUK House Price Index: December 2025Feb 2026
GOV.UK / HMRCStamp Duty Land Tax: Residential property ratesApril 2025
Bank of EnglandBank Rate decisions / MPC announcements2025-2026
UK Finance / FinderFirst-time buyer statistics: completions, deposits, ages2025
GOV.UKLifetime ISA scheme rulesCurrent
GOV.UKShared Ownership scheme guidanceCurrent
MoneyHelperStamp Duty Calculator (SDLT rates from April 2025)2026
PRA / Bank of EnglandMortgage affordability stress testing guidanceCurrent
Disclaimer

This guide has been prepared by Haupt & Co for general information purposes only. It is designed to help you understand the principles of mortgages and the home buying process.

It does not constitute a personal recommendation or regulated advice. The suitability of any mortgage product depends on your individual circumstances, including your income, credit history, deposit size and financial commitments.

Mortgage terms, lending criteria and affordability assessments vary between lenders. You should always ensure that information provided during an application is complete and accurate.

Your home may be repossessed if you do not keep up with your mortgage repayments.

Tax treatment depends on individual circumstances and may change in the future.

Professional advice should be sought before making decisions about a mortgage.

If you are unsure whether a firm or adviser is authorised, you can check the Financial Services Register at www.fca.org.uk.